{"id":1046,"date":"2024-09-17T13:56:18","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T10:56:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/?p=1046"},"modified":"2025-01-29T14:46:45","modified_gmt":"2025-01-29T11:46:45","slug":"vasalu-pilis-turaida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/blog\/2024\/09\/17\/vasalu-pilis-turaida\/","title":{"rendered":"Vasa\u013cu pilis Turaid\u0101"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u012bgas arhib\u012bskapam bez Turaidas pils pieder\u0113ju\u0161as v\u0113l tr\u012bs galven\u0101s pilis \u2013 Limba\u017ei, Rauna un Koknese, ta\u010du pie t\u0101m biju\u0161as v\u0113l vair\u0101kas vasa\u013cu pilis. Vasalis bija no valdnieka, \u0161aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 arhib\u012bskapa, atkar\u012bgs feod\u0101lis, kur\u0161 par savas pils izl\u0113\u0146o\u0161anu (nom\u0101\u0161anu) no zemes \u012bpa\u0161nieka, pild\u012bja vi\u0146a lab\u0101 da\u017e\u0101dus pien\u0101kumus \u2013 maks\u0101ja nodevas, piedal\u012bj\u0101s karag\u0101jienos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No R\u012bgas arhib\u012bskapu vasa\u013cu pil\u012bm pie Turaidas atrodas piecas: Lielstraupe, Mazstraupes, Rozulas, Augstrozes un Muj\u0101nu pilis. Taj\u0101s \u012bs\u0101ku vai ilg\u0101ku laiku saimniekoja tur\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s un ietekm\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s dzimtas p\u0101rst\u0101vji Livonij\u0101 \u2013 Rozeni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vispaz\u012bstam\u0101k\u0101 no \u0161\u012bm pil\u012bm ir Lielstraupe \u2013 t\u0101 atrodas vistuv\u0101k Turaidai, R\u012bgas \u2013Valmieras \u0161osejas pa\u0161\u0101 mal\u0101. T\u0101, iesp\u0113jams, celta jau 13. gs. beig\u0101s. Sen\u0101kais zin\u0101mais Straupes pils piemin\u0113jums ir 1310. gads, kad to aplenca lietuvie\u0161i. 1352. gad\u0101 blakus pilij jau min\u0113ta Straupes pils\u0113ta, kura bija ar\u012b Hanzas savien\u012bbas (uz tirdzniec\u012bbas sakariem balst\u012bta Eiropas pils\u0113tu savien\u012bba) locekle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Lielstraupes
Lielstraupes pils. Centr\u0101 pils vec\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca \u2013 tornis. Labaj\u0101 pus\u0113 priek\u0161pl\u0101n\u0101 \u2013 bazn\u012bca. Ap 1930. gadu. Fotogr\u0101fs nezin\u0101ms.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pils stipri cieta 17. gs. s\u0101kum\u0101 po\u013cu\u2013zviedru karos, jo pils\u0113ta tajos tika nopost\u012bta piln\u012bb\u0101. Pils un tai blakus eso\u0161\u0101 bazn\u012bca post\u012bta ar\u012b Zieme\u013cu kara laik\u0101 18. gs. s\u0101kum\u0101. 1905. gada nemieros pils tika izdedzin\u0101ta, bet no 1906.-1909. gadam p\u0113c arhitekta Vilhelma Ludviga Nikolaja Bokslafa projekta t\u0101 tika restaur\u0113ta iesp\u0113jami tuvu s\u0101kotn\u0113jam izskatam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pils dominante ir mas\u012bvais \u010detru st\u0101vu tornis ar 4 m biez\u0101m sien\u0101m, t\u0101 var\u0113tu b\u016bt ar\u012b pils sen\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca. 15. gs. tornim pieb\u016bv\u0113ti abi korpusi un blakus uzcelta bazn\u012bca. P\u0101r\u0113j\u0101s celtnes ir jaun\u0101kas. Tagad pils pieejama apmekl\u0113t\u0101jiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pavisam net\u0101lu, tikai 1 km att\u0101lum\u0101 no Lielstraupes, Braslas upes labaj\u0101 krast\u0101, atrodas Mazstraupes pils. Visticam\u0101k, t\u0101 celta 15. gs., bet v\u0113stures avotos pirmoreiz min\u0113ta 1555. gad\u0101 Livonijas pi\u013cu sarakst\u0101 pie arhib\u012bskapa vasa\u013cu pil\u012bm, kas pieder Rozeniem. \u0160\u012bs dzimtas rok\u0101s pils palika l\u012bdz 1727. gadam, kad tika p\u0101rdota citiem \u012bpa\u0161niekiem. 19. gs. s\u0101kum\u0101 pils tika p\u0101rb\u016bv\u0113ta, bet 1936. gad\u0101 taj\u0101 ier\u012bkota skola. Pils iespaid\u012bg\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca bija lielais v\u0101rtu tornis, kuram biju\u0161i \u010detri st\u0101vi un pagrabs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Mazstraupes
Mazstraupes pils v\u0101rtu tornis, nojaukts 1938. gad\u0101. Izdota ne v\u0113l\u0101k par 1915. gadu. Fotogr\u0101fs nezin\u0101ms.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Diem\u017e\u0113l 1938. gad\u0101 \u0161\u012b v\u0113sturisk\u0101 celtne nojaukta b\u016bvmateri\u0101lu ieguvei. Dom\u0101jams, l\u0113tu b\u016bvmateri\u0101lu k\u0101rot\u0101ji jut\u0101s v\u012blu\u0161ies, jo \u0161is tornis, l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 citas viduslaiku b\u016bves, bija celts t.s. \u010daulm\u016bra tehnik\u0101, t.i. b\u016bvniec\u012bbai der\u012bgie akme\u0146i un \u0137ie\u0123e\u013ci likti tikai sienas \u0101rpus\u0113 un iek\u0161pus\u0113, vidusda\u013cu aizpildot ar p\u0101rsvar\u0101 nev\u0113rt\u012bgiem celtniec\u012bbas atkritumiem un ka\u013c\u0137u javu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u012bdz\u012bgi tika nojaukts ar\u012b v\u0113sturiski mazv\u0113rt\u012bgais, 19. gs. pieb\u016bv\u0113tais pils zieme\u013cu korpuss, kur\u0161 bija av\u0101rijas st\u0101vokl\u012b. 1993. gad\u0101 pil\u012b notika ugunsgr\u0113ks, p\u0113c t\u0101 tika veikts remonts. Pils apskat\u0101ma ar\u012b m\u016bsdien\u0101s, kaut viduslaiku nocietin\u0101jumu t\u0101 vairs neatg\u0101dina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sav\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 noma\u013cas un t\u0101d\u0113\u013c sal\u012bdzino\u0161i maz\u0101k zin\u0101mas ir Rozbeku jeb Rozulas pilsdrupas. T\u0101s atrodas ap 5 km no Stalbes un R\u012bgas \u2013 Valmieras \u0161osejas, ap 1 km no biju\u0161\u0101s Rozbe\u0137u mui\u017eas centra. Pils k\u0101 vasa\u013ca nocietin\u0101ta m\u012btne s\u0101kotn\u0113ji ar\u012b pieder\u0113jusi fon Rozeniem, bet jau no 1399. gada tai main\u012bju\u0161ies vair\u0101ki \u012bpa\u0161nieki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Rozulas
Rozulas (Rozbeku) pilsdrupas. Priek\u0161pl\u0101n\u0101 lielais apa\u013cais tornis ar daudzaj\u0101m \u0161aujaml\u016bk\u0101m. Izdota ap 1930. gadu. Fotogr\u0101fs nezin\u0101ms.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1518. gad\u0101 no arhib\u012bskapa Jaspera Lindes pili ieguva Georgs fon Kr\u012bdeners, kur\u0161 bija ar\u012b Turaidas pils fogts \u2013 pilsnovada p\u0101rvaldnieks arhib\u012bskapa promb\u016btnes laik\u0101. Pils tika nopost\u012bta 1601. gad\u0101 po\u013cu\u2013zviedru karos. S\u0101kotn\u0113ji pils viet\u0101 jau 14. gs. beig\u0101s tika uzcelts taisnst\u016brveida apk\u0101rtm\u016bris, bet 15. gs. 70-tajos gados, pilnveidojoties ugunsiero\u010diem, pils st\u016bros uzb\u016bv\u0113ti divi apa\u013ci tor\u0146i, no kuriem liel\u0101kais drupu veid\u0101 saglab\u0101jies l\u012bdz m\u016bsdien\u0101m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tas ir interesantsd ar to, ka b\u016bv\u0113ts no sevi\u0161\u0137i lieliem akme\u0146iem, turkl\u0101t, \u012bpa\u0161i lielu akme\u0146u horizont\u0101las joslas, iez\u012bm\u0113 tor\u0146a st\u0101vu dal\u012bjumu \u2013 tam biju\u0161i vismaz 4 st\u0101vi, drupas saglab\u0101ju\u0161\u0101s 12\u201314 metru augstum\u0101. No p\u0101r\u0113j\u0101m \u0113k\u0101m skat\u0101mi vairs tikai pamati un nelielas sienu paliekas, kas ieaugu\u0161as kokos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No Rozulas taisn\u0101 l\u012bnij\u0101 ap 11 km uz zieme\u013ciem atrad\u0101s v\u0113l viena arhib\u012bskapa vasa\u013cu fon Rozenu pils \u2013 Augstroze. T\u0101s drupas redzamas Lielezera dienvidu krast\u0101 uz liela, savrupa, st\u0101va kalna, kas \u012bpa\u0161i izce\u013cas uz apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bdzenuma Valmieras\u2013Limba\u017eu lielce\u013ca mal\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Augstrozes
Augstrozes pilsdrupas. \u201cNo dabas\u201d z\u012bm\u0113jis Karls fon Ungerns Steinbergs 1810. gads. Pastkarte ar z\u012bm\u0113juma reprodukciju. Izdevis R. Lejs Tallin\u0101 1907. g.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pirmo reizi rakst\u012btajos avotos pils min\u0113ta 1350. gad\u0101. 1480. gad\u0101 t\u0101 iztur\u0113jusi orde\u0146a mestra karasp\u0113ka aplenkumu, bet 1601. gad\u0101 po\u013ci un tat\u0101ri pili nopost\u012bja un t\u0101s iem\u012btniekus apk\u0101va. Pils ,dom\u0101jams, vairs netika atjaunota. Pils apk\u0101rtm\u016bris un \u0113kas nav saglab\u0101ju\u0161\u0101s, vien\u012bgi l\u012bdzen\u0101kaj\u0101 kalna pus\u0113, kur m\u016bris biez\u0101ks – 2,35 m, tas v\u0113l redzams 6 \u20137 m augstum\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vist\u0101l\u0101k no Turaidas, bet no Augstrozes ap 16 km uz austrumiem, Valmieras virzien\u0101 mekl\u0113jamas Muj\u0101nu pils drupas. Muj\u0101nu pirmo reizi dokumentos min\u0113ti v\u0113l k\u0101 mui\u017ea 1390. gad\u0101, kad taj\u0101 dz\u012bvojis Johans fon Rozens, bet pati pils rakstos piemin\u0113ta 1503. gad\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Muj\u0101nu
Muj\u0101nu pilsdrupas. Skats uz pils t.s. Balto torni. Pastkarte, ap 1900. gadu. Fotogr\u0101fs nezin\u0101ms.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pilij vair\u0101kk\u0101rt main\u012bju\u0161ies \u012bpa\u0161nieki, l\u012bdz t\u0101 atkal k\u013cuvusi par vasa\u013cu fon Rozenu mantotu \u012bpa\u0161umu. 1601. gad\u0101 pili ie\u0146\u0113mu\u0161i zviedri, tad atkaroja po\u013ci, v\u0113l\u0101k atkal zviedri. Pils, visticam\u0101k, sagrauta Zieme\u013cu kara laik\u0101, 18. gs. s\u0101kum\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nocietin\u0101jumam bijis taisnst\u016brim tuvs pl\u0101nojums, pret ce\u013cu v\u0113rstaj\u0101, maz\u0101k aizsarg\u0101taj\u0101 D pus\u0113, atrad\u0101s divi apa\u013ci, ugunsiero\u010diem piem\u0113roti, tor\u0146i. L\u012bdz m\u016bsdien\u0101m vislab\u0101k \u2013 divu st\u0101vu augstum\u0101, saglab\u0101jies no laukakme\u0146iem celtais rietumu puses tornis, t.s. Baltais tornis, kura augstums ir ap 9 metri. No pils aizsargm\u016bra saglab\u0101ju\u0161ies vien nelieli fragmenti, t\u0101 pamati gandr\u012bz piln\u012bb\u0101 segti ar gruve\u0161iem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lai lab\u0101k iepaz\u012btu min\u0113t\u0101s pilis, vislab\u0101k t\u0101s apsekot dab\u0101 \u2013 visas ir br\u012bvi pieejamas, bet to apm\u0113rs un pl\u0101nojums nojau\u0161ams tie\u0161i uz vietas, jo atsevi\u0161\u0137as drupas ieaugu\u0161as biezos kokos un brik\u0161\u0146os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sagatavoja Egils Jeme\u013cjanovs, TMR galvenais speci\u0101lists<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rakst\u0101 izmantoti dati no gr\u0101matas A. Caune, I. Ose \u201cLatvijas viduslaiku pilis IV\u201d. Latvijas V\u0113stures instit\u016bta apg\u0101ds, R. 2004.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u012bgas arhib\u012bskapam bez Turaidas pils pieder\u0113ju\u0161as v\u0113l tr\u012bs galven\u0101s pilis \u2013 Limba\u017ei, Rauna un Koknese, ta\u010du pie t\u0101m biju\u0161as v\u0113l vair\u0101kas vasa\u013cu pilis. Vasalis bija no valdnieka, \u0161aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 arhib\u012bskapa, atkar\u012bgs feod\u0101lis, kur\u0161 par savas pils izl\u0113\u0146o\u0161anu (nom\u0101\u0161anu) no zemes \u012bpa\u0161nieka, pild\u012bja vi\u0146a lab\u0101 da\u017e\u0101dus pien\u0101kumus \u2013 maks\u0101ja nodevas, piedal\u012bj\u0101s karag\u0101jienos. No R\u012bgas arhib\u012bskapu vasa\u013cu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1048,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publications"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/09\/CCF_000010.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1046"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1046"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1046\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1791,"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1046\/revisions\/1791"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1046"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1046"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turaida-muzejs.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1046"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}